Andrew Hauser, Deputy Governor of the RBA, addressed the Economic Society of Australia in Brisbane on Monday, emphasizing the inherent unpredictability of monetary policy. Hauser criticized the modern tendency to communicate unequivocal assurances about interest rate movements, calling it a "dangerous game" that jeopardizes the economic well-being of the nation.
“Understanding that the central bank aims to control inflation and uphold full employment is essential—that is our mandate. However, projecting the exact strategies required and the economic judgments involved cannot be done with absolute precision. Anyone claiming otherwise is a false prophet,” Hauser stated.
To illustrate the limits of human foresight, Hauser referenced a study involving professionals from various fields. These experts were posed with difficult but factual questions, revealing that their anticipated certainty was often far off-mark. The study reported "miss rates" ranging from 42% to 64%, underscoring people's overstated confidence in their knowledge.
“Forecasts made by central bankers necessarily envelop their operations in what I call 'radical uncertainty’. Monetary policies work with significant lags, requiring our projections to be focused on the medium-term rather than the immediate term.”
Hauser highlighted the complexity of predicting key economic indicators like inflation and unemployment, which result from the collective decisions and interactions of millions of entities, from individuals to corporations.
Recently, the direction of interest rates in Australia and the USA has been volatile, driven by new economic data influencing investor expectations of central bank actions. For example, recent subpar job statistics from the USA led to a global equity market sell-off, while a higher-than-predicted inflation report in Australia increased expectations of an RBA rate hike.
However, at their meeting on August 6, the RBA’s board, overseen by Governor Michele Bullock, decided to keep the interest rates stable at 4.35%. In their statement, the RBA board pointed out ongoing uncertainties, highlighting the slow and uneven process of bringing inflation back to target levels.
“The current economic landscape is unpredictable, with recent data reflecting that achieving our inflation target won't be straightforward,” the board noted. According to the latest Statement on Monetary Policy (SMP), inflation is projected to return to the target range of 2% to 3% by late 2025, reaching the midpoint around 2026.
The RBA acknowledged a delay compared to previous forecasts made in May. The revised outlook considers a larger than expected gap between supply and demand in the economy, driven by increased domestic demand and a perceived diminished capacity of the economy to meet this demand.
“One significant concern is how to integrate essentially uncertain economic judgments into effective policy decisions,” Hauser concluded. “Although the detailed methods for doing so are complex and would require another lecture to fully explore, the key takeaway is to adopt strategies that are adapted and resilient to the perceived risks as well as the central forecasts,” he advised.
